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Treatment of ADHD in Adults Adults suffering from adhd are treated through medication, therapy, and family support. Patients can also take part in clinical trials to test new ways of treating ADHD. The stimulant medications are the most effective treatment for adults suffering from ADHD. But they need to be closely monitored. That includes monthly clinical appointments as well as frequent reviews of symptoms and side effects. Medicines Many medications can be used to reduce the symptoms of ADHD in adults. They are referred to as psychostimulants. they work by changing the levels of certain chemicals in your brain (neurotransmitters) that transmit messages between nerve cells. Your doctor will choose the appropriate medication for you and will decide on the most appropriate dosage and schedule. It could take a while to find the right dosage and medication that control your symptoms. Stimulants are typically the first prescribed medication by doctors for adults suffering from ADHD. These medications increase the amount of dopamine found in your brain and norepinephrine which helps you to control your impulses and keep your focus. They are available in short-, intermediate— and long-acting forms. Short-acting stimulants can last up to up to 6 hours. Intermediate-acting drugs last between 8 and 10 hours. Long-acting drugs last up to 16. Long-acting stimulants have less adverse effects than shorterand intermediate-acting drugs, however they still can cause insomnia and changes in appetite. Nonstimulant drugs, such as Atomoxetine (Strattera) can be used to treat adult ADHD when stimulants aren't effective or cause undesirable side consequences. These medicines don't affect your norepinephrine or dopamine levels, but they increase the amount of norepinephrine available to your brain and increase your ability to concentrate. These capsules are consumed once or twice a day. Some people with ADHD have co-occurring disorders, such as anxiety or depression. These are known as comorbid disorders and they can influence how you react to treatment for ADHD. It is important to address any comorbid conditions before starting treatment for ADHD. For instance, those who have a history of substance use disorder are more likely to use psychostimulants. For this reason, it's often advisable to wait until a person has quit using substances before considering treatment with stimulants for ADHD. Psychotherapy Psychotherapy is a method of therapy that involves talking and discussing topics that are troubling or disturbing to the person. The therapist listens to the person and provides advice based on his or her training, education as well as experience, professional credentials and therapeutic philosophical philosophies. Psychotherapy can be short-term (a few weeks or months) dealing with issues that are more immediate or more long-term (months or years) where a person is attempting to resolve more complex and long-standing issues. The patient and therapist decide on the duration and frequency of therapy. The combination of psychotherapy and medication is a highly effective way to treat adults suffering from ADHD. Behavioral therapy assists people in improving their ability to manage their time, organize and prioritizing; it can also teach methods for managing emotions such as anger and frustration. The use of medication can help reduce symptoms and improve focus, which leads to more efficient and successful academic and work performance. Adults who suffer from ADHD are more likely to suffer from co-existing conditions, particularly mood disorders like anxiety and depression. It is important that any co-existing conditions be treated prior to starting treatment for ADHD. Treatment of co-existing disorders could require different types and dosages of medication than the ones used to treat ADHD. For example, a person who suffers from ADHD may also have hypertension. To pick a medication that can treat the ADHD symptoms without causing destabilization of the hypertension of the patient it is essential to understand how various medications affect people in the course of time, as well as the interactions between medications. It is important to choose an therapist with whom you have a good relationship, and who has experience treating adults with ADHD. It's important to schedule your initial sessions at a time when you won't be distracted by family or work obligations. Counseling Adults with ADHD face a variety of challenges in their lives, such as difficulties at work and with relationships. The person who has ADHD might also experience anger, frustration and blame that has been accumulated over time. Numerous psychosocial therapies have been proven to aid them and their families develop new attitudes, skills and ways of connecting. Psychotherapy can include cognitive behavior therapy, a form of psychotherapy that aids individuals to change their thinking and behavior. It includes goal-setting, skill training and practice, and methods to help improve organization and self-esteem. It can be done in a private or in a group setting. A few studies have proven that metacognitive treatment can significantly reduce symptoms and improve functioning for adults suffering from ADHD (Stevenson et al, 2002). Certain people with ADHD may also require counseling to help them overcome certain life issues. These issues could include family conflicts, aggressive or impulsive behavior, and difficulties in dealing with disappointments and failures. Counseling can help you develop the skills to help deal with these situations and increase communication and problem-solving skills. It can also enhance relationships, particularly in marriages and other long-term relationships. Other forms of psychotherapy for ADHD include family therapy and supportive group therapy. These can help families deal with the anxiety of having a child with ADHD and teach skills to improve communication and reduce conflict. It can also help parents recognize the symptoms and develop parenting strategies that promote positive outcomes for their children. It is crucial for adults with ADHD to discuss their medication with their health care professionals regularly, and to reveal all other medications they're taking, including over-the-counter drugs. Some medications can interact with certain medications or trigger adverse reactions that are made worse by other medications. Medication Monitoring After a thorough evaluation and diagnosis, it is essential to monitor the patient's condition to ensure that he/she reaps the benefits of the medication and doesn't suffer from side adverse effects. It is recommended that patients be examined for initial clinical monitoring within 30 days of starting treatment and monthly afterward. For psychostimulants (methylphenidate amphetamines) this allows for the gradual titration of an effective and well-tolerated dosage. This allows accurate registration of the patient's reaction and helps avoid keeping sensitive patient on insufficient doses. Adults who are not responding well to stimulant medication or have unwanted side effects that are difficult to tolerate might benefit from non-stimulant drugs. This typically involves the use of atomoxetine or other alternatives to methylphenidate. treatment of adhd in adults with ADHD typically suffer from comorbid disorders like mood or anxiety disorder, substance abuse problems or depression. They may also suffer from medical issues like hearing and vision problems or chronic sleep disorders. It is crucial to identify and analyze these conditions in the initial evaluation for ADHD because they could have a significant impact on functional impairment in adults. Marital therapy is also useful in managing ADHD. Many spouses report that they are overwhelmed by the responsibilities of caring for their spouses with ADHD and may become resentful and angry due to this. Reducing resentment can be achieved by enhancing the patient's understanding of the condition, and assisting them to understand that the symptoms aren't caused by a lack in affection or willfulness. Couples who go through this type of therapy tend to have better functioning families. Behavioral Therapy Psychotherapy for adults suffering from ADHD is typically recommended. It should include a behavioral and cognitive component. Behavioral therapy assists patients in improving their organizational skills, focus and manage impulsive behavior. It helps patients manage their social, work, and home situations more efficiently. Psychotherapy also helps patients understand how their condition impacts different aspects of their lives and relationships. This can help alleviate the shame and low self-esteem that is often seen in people with ADHD who are viewed as lazy or less intelligent. Many psychiatric disorders can be akin to ADHD symptoms. For instance anxiety disorders are found at high rates in adult ADHD patients and depression is observed in greater numbers among adults with the disorder. If necessary the presence of any other psychiatric disorders should be evaluated to determine if ADHD symptoms are a result of them. Adults suffering from ADHD are usually treated with a combination of pharmacotherapy, and psychotherapy. It has been shown that when a combination of medications and psychotherapy is utilized the results are superior than treatment on its own. Future controlled studies must attempt to track and measure the effects of functional improvements, such as better performance at work, school, and interpersonal relationships.